In animation, the morphing effect was created long before the introduction of cinema. In 1985, Godley & Creme created a "morph" effect using analogue cross-fades on parts of different faces in the video for " Cry". The Peter Tchaikovsky Story in a 1959 TV-series episode of Disneyland features a swan automaton transforming into a real ballet dancer. Maurice Tourneur's 1915 film Alias Jimmy Valentine featured a subtle dissolve transformation of the main character from respected citizen Lee Randall into his criminal alter ego Jimmy Valentine. The 1910 short film Narren-grappen shows a dissolve transformation of the clothing of a female character. Other uses are known, for instance Henry Langdon Childe showed groves transforming into cathedrals. In the first half of the 19th century " dissolving views" were a popular type of magic lantern show, mostly showing landscapes gradually dissolving from a day to night version or from summer to winter. For instance a nose could grow to enormous size, simply by slowly sliding away a piece of glass with black paint that masked part of another glass plate with the picture. Some 19th century mechanical magic lantern slides produced changes to the appearance of figures. Mechanical transformationsĪround 1790 French shadow play showman François Dominique Séraphin used a metal shadow figure with jointed parts to have the face of a young woman changing into that of a witch. If the pictures are matched properly, a primitive type of morphing effect occurs when changing from one viewing angle to the other. Each image is only correctly visible from a certain angle. Known since at least the end of the 16th century, Tabula scalata is a type of painting with two images divided over a corrugated surface. Some of those techniques are closer to a matched dissolve - a gradual change between two pictures without warping the shapes in the images - while others did change the shapes in between the start and end phases of the transformation.
Long before digital morphing, several techniques were used for similar image transformations.
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